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Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve - Introduction

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Wicken Fen is Britain's oldest Nature Reserve. It is one of very few remaining undrained parts of the Great Fen of East Anglia, now largely drained and given over to rich arable farmland. With drainage, the level of the soil surface fell, and this has left Wicken Sedge Fen standing as an island' up to two metres above the surrounding countryside. Because it was never drained or ploughed, the Sedge Fen is a refuge for many species of animal and plant which were once much more abundant.

With easy access for visitors, Wicken Fen offers a unique opportunity to experience this unusua landscape, much as it would have appeared until the end of the 19th century. The reserve forms a harbour for a precious diversity of plant and insect life. Here, the changing seasons produce dramatic effects, from the green lushness of summer growth to the mystery of winter fogs and frosts.

The National Trust first acquired a plot on the Sedge Fen in 1899, for the sum of £10! Since then, more and more land has gradually been brought under the protection of the nature reserve. Now the area managed by the team at Wicken Fen is over 320 hectares (800 acres) in size.

Wicken Fen is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest, a National Nature Reserve, and a site under the Ramsar Convention. This means that it has one of the highest possible levels of protection under national and international law. It is also one of the best recorded and studied nature reserves in the world. Work by scientists and students from nearby Cambridge University has been very important in discovering how natural systems and human intervention maintain the Fen habitat. Almost every group of species has been recorded carefully at Wicken since the 1920s, and some, for example plants, birds and moths, have been recorded for much longer than that. Research in many fields still goes on today, and scientists from Cambridge and other interested institutions are closely involved in the management of the Reserve.

Wicken Fen is also a popular visitor attraction. The Boardwalk Trail is a 3/4 mile journey through the Fen habitats which is suitable for everyone to use, all year around. For the more venturesome there is the Nature Trail, which takes the visitor round into the further reaches of the Reserve, where unusual wildlife such as the Marsh Harriers and Bog Myrtle can be seen. This trail can get wet in winter!
In 1997 a new trail, the Adventurers' trail, will open. This trail explores Adventurers' Fen, and is ideal for birdwatchers as it includes several new hides with views of the Mere and other water bodies which could not previously be seen.

In the summer the reserve is teeming with insect life. Many different dragonflies and damselflies can be seen patrolling the dyke edges and droves. Butterflies feed on the nectar-rich fen meadows, including the famous Swallowtail. Bird life provides interest throughout the year, with many waterfowl overwintering. In the spring the distinctive songs of the Reed and Sedge Warblers can be heard throughout the reserve. Sometimes the extraordinary whirring song of the Grasshopper Warbler fills the air, giving the place an almost jungle-like feel.

The Reserve is managed intensively to protect and maintain the delicate balance of species which has built up over the years. Much of the management tries to recreate the old systems of fen working which persisted for hundreds of years, allowing species to become dependant on the practices. For example the Sedge plant, Cladium mariscus, is harvested every year and sold for thatching roofs. The first recorded sedge harvest at Wicken was in 1414. Ever since then, sedge has been regularly cut. This has allowed a pattern of plants and animals to build up who depend on regular clearance of the sedge to survive. The most prominent of these is the Swallowtail Butterfly, which needs the Milk Parsley plant to feed its caterpillars. If the sedge fields are not cut, the milk parsley in them dies off, and the swallowtail cannot breed. Many other plants and animals are similarly dependant upon regular management to keep their habitats going.

The present appearance of Wicken Fen is the result of centuries of management by human beings. Many of the practices now undertaken have changed little since medieval times. In surrounding areas, the landscape has changed so completely that it is almost impossible to imagine how it must once have all looked. Only a very few places survive where it is possible to experience this primitive landscape first hand - Wicken Fen is one of the most beautiful and best preserved of them all.

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Nature Reserve Opening Times

Open daily (except Christmas Day) 24 hours

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William Thorpe Visitor Centre

Open daily from 9am until 5pm, or later at peak times. Information display, visitor reception, enquiries, tickets, shop, and membership.

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Fen Cottage

Open Easter-October, 2-5pm on all Sundays, Bank Holidays, and some Saturdays and Wednesdays. Also open by arrangement for groups (when available).

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Admission charges from 1.4.97

National Trust members free on production of membership card.
Ticket includes admission to Fen Cottage when open.

Adult£3.50
Child£1.75
Adult (group rate)£2.80
Child (group rate)£1.10
Family discountEvery adult ticket includes up to 4 children at group rate
Cottage only£1.50

The group rate is available to 12 or more visitors who book in advance.
When the Visitor Centre is closed or unmanned there is a donation box in the car park nearby.
The necessary companion of a disabled visitor may request free admission.
Visitors who decide to join the National Trust and take out membership at Wicken Fen will be refunded the cost of their admission.

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Access and Facilities

The Boardwalk is 3/4 mile in length, and is accessible all year round. No special footwear is needed. The Boardwalk is ideal for wheelchairs and pushchairs. A specially adapted hide is easily reached, and suitable for use by all. Benches are provided at regular intervals all around the walk.

The Nature Trail is for the more adventurous. It takes the visitor through over two miles of the Reserve, passing through many different habitats and management areas. In wet weather this trail can be quite muddy. The Nature Trail includes the Tower Hide, one of the oldest hides in the country.

The Adventurers' Trail will be opening in 1997. Ask for details to hear the latest news on this new trail.

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Mosquitos and Sun

The Fens are famous for their mosquitos, and as Wicken is justly renowned for its insect life visitors are recommended to use a mosquito repellant during summer months. There is little shade on the Fen so on hot days a hat and suncream may be useful.

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Dogs

Dogs are welcome on the Reserve but must be on a short lead at all times. There is a nearby area where dogs can run free.

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Footwear

Stout walking boots are always recommended for any visitors intending to use the Nature Trail, or Adventurers' Trail, and in winter months wellingtons. For the boardwalk no special footwear is required. Information about the state of the paths is available in the visitor centre.

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Refreshments

Hot and cold drinks, ice creams and sweets are available from the visitor centre. There is a picnic site near the car park. Please take all litter home with you. Food is available at the village pub, the Maids Head.

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Toilets

There are toilets, including baby changing facilities and provision for wheelchair users, in the car park. There are no other public toilets on the Reserve.

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Visitors with disabilities

Two wheelchairs are available to borrow. The Boardwalk is an ideal trail for the wheelchair user or less able walker. Parking close to visitor reception is possible by arrangement.
Note that parts of the Nature Trail can be hard walking in hot or wet weather - please telephone or enquire at the visitor centre if you are at all unsure. We will happily advise you on the most suitable walk to take.

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Location

Wicken Fen is clearly signposted from the A1123 in Wicken Village. Wicken can best be reached from the A10 or A142. Trun off at Stretham or Soham respectively. Car and coach parking is free, 150m from the reserve. Please note that all visitors must park in the car park - there is no other parking. The visitor centre is about 150m down the lane from the car park.

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Public transport

The nearest railway station is Ely (6 miles). There are no buses worth mentioning. Taxis can be taken from Ely station, but this will cost you about £10.00.

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Cycling

Cycling distance from Cambridge - 15 miles. A nice route is via Swaffham Prior and Upware.
If biking by train cycle from Waterbeach or Ely stations.
Cycle racks available.

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Boating

The Fen can also be reached by boat, via Reach Lode Lock. Craft should tie up only on the southern bank near the junction with Monk's Lode. A sign indicates the moorings.

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Postal Address

Wicken Fen NNR
Lode Lane
Wicken 
ELY
Cambridgeshire
CB7 5XP

Phone/fax

01353 720274 (Answerphone out of hours)
International: +44 1353 720274

Email & Web Site

Wicken Fen can be contacted directly at awnusr@smtp.ntrust.org.uk

Since the year 2000, the latest news and information from the Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve has been posted to official Web site at www.wicken.org.uk.